Mona Lisa Smile

Mainstream society regularly opens the window into the social standards of our general public, its recognitions, and talks. It depicts how the social mores of the general public shape family, public activity, and sex jobs. It additionally goes about as a mechanism of spread to educate about one’s self-identity.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Mona Lisa Smile explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Popular culture consequently, shapes the manner in which an individual or gathering thinks, regularly saw in mainstream social developments like the Beat, the Hip Hop, the Dadaists, and some more. Movies, in accordance with other mainstream social media, have helped in introducing different socio-social parts of life. There are numerous motion pictures managing young lady force and 1960s post-women's activist â€Å"second wave feminism† (Tally, 2008, p. 107). Numerous movies have attempted to investigate the domains of sex jobs and the bre aking of the common cultural talk with respect to the job of ladies. One such film, checked on and talked about in this paper, is Mona Lisa Smile (2003). This film is a progressively unequivocal encounter with depiction of young ladies battling against their conventional jobs that opens up a social space between the second wave women's activists and the post women's activist little girls who just needed to be homemakers (Frieden, 1997; Tally, 2008). This paper investigates the subjects, images, and social space depicted by the film Mona Lisa Smile. Mona Lisa Smile is a film about Katherine Watson (played by Julia Roberts) an alum from UCLA acknowledges a proposition for employment as a workmanship instructor from Wellesley College during the 1950s. Watson gets liberal women's activist thoughts into the school and among young ladies in class, particularly Betty Warren (Khristen Dunst), Joan Brandwyn (Julia Stiles), and Giselle Levy (Maggie Gyllenhaal). The plot of the film turns arou nd these characters and the manner in which Watson in the long run causes them see the significance of her progressive beliefs and locate their own personality. In her absolute top notch, Watson experiences a class-loaded with splendid young ladies who are shrewd yet their insight is defaced by their regular and customary talk and information. A free-vivacious Watson who â€Å"wanted to make a difference,† attempted to change the manner in which ladies took a gander at customary sex jobs and their profession choices in a moderate school like Wellesley. The film shows that tutoring at the time was to make the ladies capable with local philosophies. Consequently, young ladies were instructed to be taught in the correct manner, think in the privilege was so as to accomplish their job in the marriage market.Advertising Looking for paper on sexual orientation examines? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Watson is portrayed as a lady â€Å"lived by her own definition and would not bargain that† (Newell, 2003) at first faces a great deal of challenge from a gathering of traditionalist administration body just as understudy named Betty who was raised to accept that all ladies would need is to get hitched and be a homemaker. In any case, inside was a bubbling soul that needed to dismiss the predominant standards and lessons about sex job. The film needed to show the manner in which ladies had confidence in their lives during the 1950s through a progression of video film accessible in the movie’s DVD indicating ladies in the fifties, insights looking at ladies taking all day work after graduation of at that point and right now and what number of guaranteed they were virgins. The sex jobs have changed from that point forward, however for what, that was because of the first of wave of women's activists in the fifties in the US who accepted that these social boundaries of ladies being just homemaker s must be separated. The film portrays a period that was before the sexual upset and what ladies looked in the time. Watson plays against the ordinary standards of womanhood during the 1950s, as she was as yet unmarried in her 30s. This isn't adequate and very nearly an untouchable for huge numbers of the understudies in her group however she remains herself and attempts to break the discriminatory constraint. Through her talks on workmanship history, Watson attempts to enable the understudies to break the hindrance of efficient and text situated comprehension. She accepts that the young ladies in Wellesley were savvy, sure, and could do considerably more than simply be homemakers. She characterizes the new increasingly out of the container thinking for the young ladies in her group through the better approach for showing the workmanship course that she traces the course as â€Å"What is craftsmanship? What makes it is positive or negative? What's more, who decides?† the etho s of the day was instructing through reading material and a decent understudy was relied upon to know the course book altogether. In a manner this was proposed to enable young ladies to become excellent moms who could explain the course while instructing their youngsters or seem taught and refined as their assigned job of being spouses to the tip top male club. Watson originates from the Bohemian west culture and needs to â€Å"make a difference†. Be that as it may, the preservationist graduated class body of the school holds down her goals to bring change. They attempt to limit Watson’s potential as an educator and a women's activist liberal by characterizing the course plot when she is welcome to join back the accompanying year.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Mona Lisa Smile explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The traditionalist society attempted to stifle the power of progress epitomized in Watson, however Watson chooses to leav e looking for new dividers to break. By and by, she leaves the engraving of her thoughts and puts stock in the lives of the three other primary characters, her understudies, as they figure out how to see past their talked and conventional jobs, they see themselves. Mona Lisa Smile is a story of the way women’s lives were formed in 1950s in America, their restricted presence inside the blockaded dividers of â€Å"home† and â€Å"marriage†. The film inspects how male domineering talk molded youthful women’s perspectives and their decisions and desires after graduation from school. This is appeared through Joan and Betty and how they tackle their own concern in the long run getting themselves. The film most importantly exhibits how mainstream society assists with portraying reality and draws out the social, basic changes that changed the women’s world during the 1950s. It brings up the issue of women’s place and despite the fact that the settin g is sixty years back, it holds pertinence for present time as the topic of women’s space is as yet important. References Frieden, B. (1997). Ladylike Mystique. New York: W.W. Norton Company Ltd. Newell, M. (Executive). (2003). Mona Lisa Smile [Motion Picture]. Count, M. (2008). Portrayal of Girls and Young Women in Films as Entry Point to Studying Girl Culture. In C. Mitchell, J. Reid-Walsh, Girl Culture: Studying young lady culture : a readers’ control (pp. 107-115). New York: ABC-CLIO. This exposition on Mona Lisa Smile was composed and presented by client Victor Clark to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Was Reconstruction a Failure or Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Was Reconstruction a Failure or Success - Essay Example Servitude may have briefly finished however the eagerly awaited improvement of the lives of Negroes didn't happen.â For instance, the change that occurred in most dark family units was chiefly to look for their autonomy from white authority.â Slave quarters may have disappeared yet occupant ranches supplanted them which have almost no improvement from its past state.â Perhaps what made the disappointment â€Å"splendid† was on the grounds that the period gave Black Americans a thought of what their future may be as free men and the chance of harvesting their own works as free residents and not as subjugation towards plantations.â Despite little improvement in their financial conditions, the African Americans were given the option to cast a ballot by the Freeman’s Bureau.â Many of the Black American’s were likewise instructed that gave them a thought of what a genuine opportunity would be.â One joining account why the Reconstruction fizzled was additio nally ascribed to the death of President Abraham Lincoln whose incredible venture †the Reconstruction remain unfinished.â The way his replacement President Andrew Jackson took care of the Reconstruction just featured that it was just Lincoln who was equipped for taking care of the progress of Blacks into current American society.â President Jackson couldn't bargain with the Republicans yet rather made a political gridlock that debilitated his capacity to proceed Lincoln’s Reconstructionist arrangement in the South.â ... President Jackson couldn't bargain with the Republicans however rather made a political gridlock that crippled his capacity to proceed Lincoln’s Reconstructionist arrangement in the South. The Republicans left all alone was additionally similarly deficient as it nullified President Andrew’s aim to proceed with the Reconstruction strategy of Lincoln and rather organized its own image of contempt legislative issues towards the vanquished Confederacy by initiating dark supremacist government. Defilement and uncouthness followed whereby the Freedmen didn't have the foggiest idea how to practice dependably the recently discovered political force endowed upon them and rather wasted them away. Rather than closure isolation between races, the dark Southerners added to the disappointment of Reconstruction by forcing their own image of oppressive approaches whereby the whites fought back and topple the â€Å"dominance† of the dark government and reestablished the home guid eline or racial domination (Fitzgerald, 2008). Thus the old the norm was reestablished and this time, with more scorn among the Southerners (the white network) that it made them unalterably restricted to any thought of closure isolation, readmission or reintegration of blacks into American culture. This filled in as the last nail on the final resting place of Reconstruction which was bound to fall flat with the demise of Abraham Lincoln. There are a few confirmations why the Reconstruction fizzled. Initially, the Southerners reasserted â€Å"home rule† or reinstitution of racial oppressor approach in the South and the development of Klu Klux Klan who were lump in white articles of clothing in impersonation of the African American’s spooky notion. This

Topeka

Topeka Topeka t?pe ´k? [key], city (1990 pop. 119,883), state capital and seat of Shawnee co., NE Kans., on the Kansas River; inc. 1857. In a rich agricultural region, it is an important shipping point for cattle and wheat and a wholesaling, marketing, and processing center for farm products. There are insurance businesses, grain mills, meatpacking houses, large railroad repair shops, and plants that make tires and rubber products. A ferry was established there in 1842 on the Oregon Trail . The city was laid out in 1854 by Free State settlers from Lawrence and New England and was founded as the center for C. K. Holliday's projected railroad (the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe). A short-lived Free State constitution was framed in the city in 1855. Topeka was selected state capital when Kansas was admitted to the Union in 1861. The capitol is designed after the one in Washington, D.C. A city of broad, tree-shaded streets, Topeka has the museum and library of the state historical society, th e Mulvane Art Museum, the state library, a notable Episcopal cathedral, a zoo, and a park system that includes the Reinisch Rose Garden. It is the seat of Washburn Univ. During the 20th cent. Topeka was an important city for psychiatric research and therapy; the world famous Menninger Clinic, a treatment center for mental illness, was there from 1919 to 2003. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

Richard Nixon Essay - 2727 Words

Richard Nixon The President of the United States is often considered the most powerful elected official in the world. The President leads a nation of great wealth and military strength. Presidents have often provided decisive leadership in times of crisis, and they have shaped many important events in history. The President has many roles and performs many duties. As chief executive, the President makes sure that federal laws are enforced. As commander in chief of the nations armed forces, the President is responsible for national defense. As foreign policy director, the President determines United States relation with other nations. As legislative leader, the President recommends new laws and works to win their passage. As†¦show more content†¦Eight months later, he joined the Navy and was sent to the Pacific as a supply officer. Nixon was popular with his men, and such an accomplished poker player that he was able to send enough of his comrades-in-arms money back home to help fund his first political campaign. Shortly after returning from the war, Nixon entered politics, answering a Republican Party call in the newspaper for someone to run against the five-term Democratic Congressman, Jerry Voorhis. Nixon seemed the perfect man for the job, and was welcomed by the California Republican Party, who considered him salable merchandise. The style of Nixons first campaign set the tone for the early part of his political career, where he achieved national fame as a fierce anti-Communist. He accused Congressman Voorhis of being a communist, and even went so far as to have campaign workers make anonymous calls to voters stating that as a fact and advising that a vote for Nixon was therefore the best move. This sort of straightforward communist baiting was new at the time. With the fear of the Soviet Union, who appeared to be spreading its influence throughout Asia made it a particularly persuasive tactic. Nixon later said, Of course I knew Jerry Voorhis wasnt a communist, but I had to win. Nixon defeated Voorhis with sixty percent of the vote, and upon taking his seat in Congress, heShow MoreRelatedRichard Nixon : The Silent1491 Words   |  6 PagesRichard Nixon was a president that dealt with many problems while he was in office, such as Vietnam, China, and civil rights. Nixon was a great politician and appeared to want the best for America. In Nixon s silent majority speech he wanted to end the war in vietnam while sparing the â€Å"democratic† citizens in southern Vietnam, but for him to do this he needed to bargain with the citizens of America and the leaders of the western world in order to accomplish his goals without too many problems, suchRead MorePardon of Richard Nixon1193 Words   |  5 PagesControversial Pardon of Richard Nixon HIST102 American History Since 1877 Instructor: 22 February 2014 Former President Richard Nixon is most well-known for his role in the Watergate crisis in the early 1970’s. The Watergate crisis started in June of 1972, when the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters was broke into by members of Nixon’s re-election committee. The press took this breaking news and began to dig deeper into what the Whitehouse (President Nixon) was hiding. Over theRead MoreThe Legacy Of Richard Nixon1104 Words   |  5 PagesRichard Nixon, though created a large credibility gap within the US, he accomplished a lot for the country. He served five years in the presidential office as a republican (1969-1974), and he was the only president to resign from office in history. Although through his presidency he had accomplished many things, such as creating revenue sharing, ending the draft, and creating anticrime laws, he still had a rough time rebuilding his reputation after many assumptions of corruption in his office. ThoughRead MoreThe Presiden cy Of Richard Nixon1856 Words   |  8 Pagesthe 1970s, under President Richard Nixon, the people felt the first serious inflation since after World War II. Also under Nixon, a scandal of political sabotage caused fear and mistrust towards the government. The crises in the 1970s represented the first time in American history when the public perceived their government had fail them and it did through mistrust in the government, foreign crises, and a strong decline in the economy. Under the presidency of Richard Nixon, a wide-spread of fear withinRead MoreEssay Richard Nixon1491 Words   |  6 PagesRichard Nixon Born in 1913 in Yorba Linda, California, Richard Milhouse Nixon was raised in a Quaker home with his four brothers, mother and father. His family led a docile life by abstaining from all dancing, swearing, drinking and other common Quaker practices (Barron 12). Financially, the family struggled and he could not afford to attend Harvard University even with a full-ride scholarship. Instead, Nixon enrolled at Whittier College, a popular Quaker college close to home (Barron 39). NixonRead MoreRichard Nixon Essay628 Words   |  3 PagesRichard Nixon History will inevitably forgive Richard Nixon. Despite his obvious unlawful mistakes, he made a good president. Until 1968, most Americans saw Richard Nixon as a political has-been, a dour pre-McCarthy hunter of Communists. In 1968, however, Nixon won the Presidency by presenting himself as a healer of divisions. He demonstrated that he had greater ability to reinvent himself than any other modern politician. More than any other figure between the death of Franklin D. RooseveltRead MorePresident Nixon : President Richard Nixon Essay1878 Words   |  8 Pagesbe the downfall of President Richard Nixon. Nixon had a significant amount of experience in government before becoming president, which ultimately influenced how domestic policy, economic policy, and foreign policy was shaped during his tenure. I. EXPERIENCE BEFORE THE PRESIDENCY: As documented by the Miller Center, Richard Nixon’s start in national politics began in the late 40s with his successful campaign for the House of Representatives in California (Richard Nixon: Life Before the Presidency)Read MoreNixon Vs. President Richard M. Nixon1304 Words   |  6 PagesTrace Haven Mrs. Molzahn American Literature May 17, 2017 Nixon vs. People   Ã‚  Ã‚   President Richard M. Nixon once said, â€Å" I can see clearly now†¦ that I was wrong in not acting more decisively and more forthrightly in dealing with Watergate† (Watergate Quotes). The Watergate scandal began when five men attempted to break into the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate Complex. The government had to create an act in order to have the right to view all surveillance footageRead More Richard Nixon and the Election of 19691107 Words   |  5 PagesRichard Nixon and the Election of 1969   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Richard Nixon, was born on January 9th, 1913, in Yorba Linda, California. Fifty-six years after he was born he became the 37th president of the United States. In the election Nixon only defeated the democratic candidate, Hubert Humphrey, by about 500,000 in the popular vote. Nixon is considered one of the most controversial politicians of the twentieth century. He used his political experience, his background, the communist scare of the late fortiesRead MoreEssay about Richard Nixon1343 Words   |  6 PagesLARSEN//PD7 RICHARD NIXON 11/26 Richard Nixon; the name alone brings to mind terrible words along the lines of scandal and failure. Nixon was the 37th president of the United States. He was also the first and last president to resign from office. However, the scandals leading to Nixon’s resignation definitely overshadowed his humble beginnings and the accomplishments he made as president during the notorious decades of the Cold War. Richard Milhous Nixon was born to Francis and Hannah Nixon on January

Supply Chain Management in the Insurance Industry

Supply Chain Management of a Service Organization (Insurance Company) – By Roshan Collas ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assignment 01 You have been recently appointed as the supply chain consultant to a company (Choose a local organization that you work with or one which you are familiar with. The organization may be any type of company offering a product or service being sold locally or internationally). Your task in this assignment is to investigate the company’s supply chain/network with a view to assessing whether it is as up-to-date as it could be according to the latest views on supply chain management. Essentially it includes the following:†¦show more content†¦Our vision is to be the trusted insurer to the nation. We operate in both line of Life and General Insurance categories and has achieved the net profit before tax over Rs. 7 billion in 2011 with the growth over 20%.The company has a history over 50 years in its industry and have undergone very heavy structural changes in time to time. The company has incorporated as a Government Corporation and after 30 years, the organization was con verted to operate under public companies act as a government owned public company. The company was privatized after 42 years of its incorporation and managed by a single owner for over 5 years with heavy changers to business model. As per our current state, we are backed to the hands of the state and operates under the finance ministry of Sri Lanka. The company is under increase demand to compete in its industry which is highly competitive and ‘Motor Insurance’ is the most challenged business category. As there is no tariff control is established by the regulators of the industry, the competitors are proved with higher flexibility to be competitive in all areas including its pricing. In this context we will confine our scope to the process of supply chain management of Motor claims. According to the finding of ‘Aite Group’, a research company (Source:Show MoreRelatedSupply And Demand Dynamics For The Hospital Industry s Products886 Words   |  4 PagesSupply/Demand Dynamics for the Hospital Industry’s Products The supply/demand dynamics for the industry’s product describes the wave, changes, or price signals that resulted from the ongoing changes in supply and demand of any individual product or a group of products. In other words, regardless of the volume of change in supply and or demand for any given product or group of goods, it ravishes a harmonize change in the other; these variances cause pricing signals Like industrial supply chainsRead MoreCase Study Management Functions Of Nissan Motor Company Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesto examine and evaluate the use of operational management functions used by Nissan Motor Company Ltd. The paper will prove to show how Nissan uses operations management functions to provide products and generate value for its customers. CPM and PERT will be discussed to see how they fit into the company’s operational and project management systems. Lastly, this paper will identify the steps used to developing a forecasting system and also supply chain risk and associated risk reduction tactics inRead MoreSupply Chain Management and Fresh Connections1350 Words   |  6 Pagesand Engineering). - What should Bolten do? - How should the new technology be evaluated? Who should set specifications that define success or failure? †¢ Innovation at Progressive (A): Pay-as-you-go Insurance - How does Progressive’s performance as an auto insurer compare to that of typical insurance companies? How has its performance changed over time? What explains the difference in performance? - Customers of auto insurers are very price-sensitive. How problematic is it to Progressive that customersRead MoreThe Risks Of Supply Chain Management1354 Words   |  6 Pagescomes to supply chain management all business must be aware of the risk and best practices to prevent problems with their product. Neither the seller or buyer is immune to the risks of bad supply chain management. When it comes to cybersecurity, companies must be sure that their products do not have vulnerabilities that they are unaware of. This can lead to reduced sales, damaged reputation, and cost a significant amount of money in remediation. Supply Chain Risks As with all other industries, supplyRead MoreBusinbess Driven Technology1031 Words   |  5 PagesGOT MILK? IT’S GOOD FOR YOU UNLESS IT’S CONTAMINATED CASE STUDY/RESEARCH. Question 1: Explain why the supply chain can dramatically impact a companys base performance ANS: Supply chain management involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability. The dozens of steps are required to achieve and carry out each of the above components. SCM software can enable an organization to generate efficienciesRead MoreFish and Management Case Study Essay649 Words   |  3 PagesFITTskills: Global Supply Chain Management Case Study #5: Global Supply Chain Management and Shipping Case Study #5: Global Supply Chain Management and Shipping Catch of the day Kalastaa Inc. have been in the local Finnish aquaculture industry for nearly fourteen years. They raise salmon and trout for local markets, and have recently negotiated a deal with a small fish processing plant that distributes under a major product label in Finland. Although they run a rather small operationRead MoreLean Supply Chain Of Management1514 Words   |  7 Pageslean supply chain, determine the potential risks and effects of a corporation and also give a description of the potential solutions to reduce the negative effects on a corporation supply chain management, inventory management or profitability. The supply chain of management involves many areas from the difficult to easy topics. As an independent field, Supply chain of management originated from marketing and managing strategies. 1. Definition of lean supply chain The supply chain of management isRead MoreThe Prevention Of Protecting Information Systems From Unauthorized Access Or Modification ( Xxx )1179 Words   |  5 PagesIntro Cybersecurity it a term used to describe the act of protecting information systems from unauthorized access or modification (xxx). The cybersecurity industry exists out of necessity, with the ever-increasing use of the internet and computers to perform day to day actions something needed to be done to protect these systems and the data they house. There are several societal benefits cybersecurity can provide, such as preventing fraud and identity theft. Take credit card companies for exampleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Cyber Security Industry Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Cyber Security Industry Cyber security is a fast-growing industry. With more and more persons using connected devices as part of their daily lives, there is an increasing need for security. Not only are individuals in need of cyber security solutions but also corporations and governments are acutely aware of the dangers of hacking. As a result of the need, the cyber security industry is expected to reach $170 billion by 2020 (Morgan 2015). To understand this industry, it is important to knowRead MoreEffects Of Star Bucks Coffee Shop And Management Plan1429 Words   |  6 Pagesbucks Coffee shop and the management plan to mitigate these risks before happening or minimizing the damaging effects of risks if they occur at all. It will start by defining risk and then identify, analyze and evaluate risks. It will grade risks based on its seriousness and likelihood of happening in the business. Then, plans to mitigate these risks will be created and implemented to minimize risks at any given stage of functioning of the business. The risk management plan will include the tasks

Exploited Latin Women Free Essays

The European conquest of the New World altered the lives of indigenous women. European women did not arrive to the New World only for years after the initial invasions. Indian women were continuously exploited in the form of labor, catering, and sexual gratification. We will write a custom essay sample on Exploited Latin Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now Elite Indian women were able to gain a somewhat privileged position through their liaisons with the European men. As more and more European women began to arrive in the New World, Indian women were confined to the bottom of the ethnic and class hierarchy. â€Å"A particular concern of the colonists was that their â€Å"purity of blood† be preserved, meaning that no black or Indian people could enter into the family lineage. This in return caused careful controlling of women†s behavior. Under the regulation of patria potestad, women remained under the legal authority of their fathers until marriage, when authority was transferred to their husbands.† During the nineteenth century women†s public life was limited. Women also still remained legally minors. There were some advances in education which helped some women to enter into professions. There were also alterations of civic codes which ultimately abolished the patria potestad laws in many countries. Latin American women entered the 20th century with better education and legal status but with still restricted roles. Women initiated campaigns for equal political and civil rights. But despite some gains they continued to be discriminated, shaped by machismo, and poor women faced the double duty of family and employment. â€Å"According to historical records almost 30 percent of households in the city of Sao Paulo in 1765, were headed by women that were single, married whose husbands were absent, or widows. By 1802, this rose to 44 percent, falling to 39 percent by 1836.† This was due to the need of male labor migration in an economy based primarily on plantation agriculture. Taking the average age of female heads it is noticed that the female heads are an average of 7 years older than male heads. Many of the female heads are widows. Female heads earn less income than their male counter parts and on an average have less education than the males. One of the most notable characteristics of today†s poverty in Latin America is the growing number of women among the poor. â€Å"Today about 20 percent of the poorest households in Latin America are headed by women, but in some cities the percentage rises to almost 38 percent. A review of 22 studies of women-headed households in Latin America reveals that there is a strong correlation between female head-ship and poverty, and that such households are increasing in number.† There are many reasons why we are seeing a rise in the number of households headed by women which are in poverty. Women have less access to land, credit and technologies, therefore women farmers have to work longer hours and they have fewer assets and lower incomes than men farmers. Female headed households are likely to be poorer than male-headed households because they have fewer working members of the family, they have lower average wage earnings, less access to jobs and productive resources. Most Latin American women have less education than men. These are some of the key reasons why we are seeing a increase in poor households headed by women. There are more and more women working as wage laborers. † Fruit companies in Chile rely exclusively on women for harvesting, processing, and packing fruit. In Columbia women cultivate and pack flowers. In general they are paid less than men. In Honduras for example women are paid 70 percent of the male wage for performing the same tasks in tobacco cultivation.† It is clear that the women who do participate in the labor force and have the same education level as men are discriminated from men. Discrimination is clearly an important factor. It is not so much that female -headed households have lower incomes because of them having more children or fewer adults, but clearly the head of the household being a female, earns less. Because there are many women who lack education and skills, women in formal sector employment tend to be clustered in jobs that offer little potential for training or advancement. â€Å"In Brazil, Chile, and Peru over 50 percent of economically active women work in the service sector (1988).† Most of the women who do have better paying jobs in the formal sector are self employed. Usually self-employment doesn†t have much growth potential. The problem with women in the workforce doesn†t stop there. In households where there is a male head of the house, a women†s income is still highly depended on. Female income is often a secondary or tertiary source of income. Many rural families rely upon the work of its female members for most of its food. Traditionally the money earned by men is used only for corn and firewood, forcing the wife to develop her own income in order to provide for other family necessities. With less and less land becoming available for cultivation and unable to produce enough corn for the year, the men are forced to find additional income in order to supplement what they can grow. Female economic development has been hampered by the fact that women have found themselves utilizing traditional skills and market connections first established by their mothers and grandmothers. Rarely has a women ventured into learning a new kind of work. â€Å"Complete reliance on traditional skills has limited the economic growth of women.† Women seem to be moving away from the traditional family businesses. Within the last generation the women are going from traditional women†s work to more modern employment. The traditional model is one in which the daughters help their mothers with their family business and in the process learn enough to initiate the same type of business after they marry. The daughter usually starts helping her mother with her business around the age of nine or ten doing small but helpful jobs. By the time the daughter reaches puberty she is a competent and efficient worker. It is at this time that their daughters are a valuable asset. During the daughters teenage years the business is at its peak production. † When the daughter marries at 19 or 20 the mother daughter arrangement ends as the new bride turns her attention to her new home, and then the mother must rely on the younger daughters† to help with the family business. Then the older daughter becomes an asset to her new mother-in-law. The use of family members is very important for their business. Children replace workers that otherwise may need to be hired to run the business. Family members usually are more efficient and the families probably could not bare the financial expense of hired workers. Women in the work force have problems, but they also have problems within their families as well. The female as we have seen is depended on for financial income. At the same time the female has extended responsibilities and concerns at home. Along with working outside the home the female is generally the care taker in raising the children and doing domestic chores around the home. In general the females control the families domestic budget but this seems to be dropping with the rising standard of living of the town. â€Å"Stable marriages are rare, women believe, due to the inevitable failings of men whom they consider to be hopelessly unreliable.† Women of Latin America believe men do their best to live up to their insensitive macho behavior. Men believe they do not need to explain their intemperate behavior. Many Latin American men grow up to expect servitude and obedience from their wives. â€Å"Women are socialized to fulfill their subordinate, long-suffering roles passively, accepting male responsibility, wickedness, and foolishness as their destiny. Thus, women enter into a marital union expecting the worse from their spouses.† â€Å"Expected to succumb to his domination, she is both defenseless and immobilized.† More and more Latin American women with time are acting to protect their own interests. â€Å"More educated women are demanding more equality in marriage through the use of birth control. While they value the maternal role they are understanding the rising costs of having children and want more from the marital relationship than motherhood. They want their husbands to respect and trust them, and to forego extramarital affairs and other forms of abuse.† Today in Rio de Janeiro there are five police stations that exist solely to handle crimes against women. â€Å"While Brazil has advanced from military dictatorship toward democracy violence against women remains endemic. The first national study of the problem, in 1992, reported an average of 337 assaults on women daily.† Feminists in Brazil in 1985 made a serious gain with the establishment of the women†s police stations. Feminists moved for this because they believe male policemen don†t take wife beating seriously. â€Å"They see it as a domestic argument that has nothing to do with them and is certainly not a crime.† On paper, Brazil†s women have made great gains in recent years. The country†s 1988 constitution bans discrimination against women, requires the state to combat violence against them and mandates 120 days of maternity leave. In reality there still remains traditional theories of women†s behavior and much discrimination. How to cite Exploited Latin Women, Papers

The charming phrase “Mother Earth” Essay Example For Students

The charming phrase â€Å"Mother Earth† Essay When we speak the charming phrase â€Å"Mother Earth,† we are saying something of great significance. The Earth is indeed our mother. We are creatures born of the elements of which the Earth is composed, the same elements that make up plants, the other animals, the minerals, the natural chemicals and compounds of this heavenly body we know as our earth and our dear mother. The universe is a great thing, and we are just beginning to understand things about it. Scientists speculate that this universe started with a â€Å"big bang. For we Easterners it was something like the â€Å"sound of One Hand clapping. † There were no creatures such as us to hear it and the question is sometimes asked â€Å"if a tree falls in the forest, and there is no one to hear it, does it make a sound? † If the birthing of our universe was violent, is the preciousness and beauty of life any less for it? If life is brief is it any less meaningful or beautiful? If the self dies and becomes another part of nature should we be unhappy? We are all as God made us in that first â€Å"WORD. The destiny of the universe and all of it’s parts was determined to the end of time until the expanding universe recedes and collapses upon itself to generate the inconceivable power for creation for the next universe. Every new universe created has infinite possibilities for new forms of being. There are an infinite number of universes created. We certainly will reappear in different forms in this universe or the next. The Buddhist says â€Å"When you hear someone knocking, go to the door and greet yourself. In the same way, when you see a cat or a dog or a tree or a flower, remember that you are greeting what you have been or what you will become. We are all one thing, just a different aspect of it. And, we are all bonded together on this spaceship Earth: if the plants die we die, if the animals die, we die. Our aboriginal brothers and sisters speak of â€Å"the One Tree. † Their vision is right, we are all living in one tree, our home in the forest of the universe. Our Mother Earth, in her infinite silent wisdom through the billions of years of expansion through time knows how to balance her children for their greatest good. Malthus said that a population will expand to the limits of it’s resources. We see that in the Petri dish with bacteria. The bacteria grows in the center of the gelatin and expands outward. The bacteria in the center die from the poisons excreted by the living processes of the bacteria. The bacteria near the fresh gelatin on the outer ring have resources and live until they have expanded their population to the limit and all of the bacteria on the dish die. Although we think we are more aware and more considerate of our circumstance than mere bacteria, the human population continues to expand. We create much refuse by our activities and the cities such as New York are running out of places to dump the garbage. Some of our rivers in the 1960’s could not support life. We have temporarily slowed the progress of the poisoning of our environment, but the population continues to grow and so does the refuse. As with bacteria, humans will find themselves held in check by disease or war as Mother Nature comes to make adjustments to bring things back to balance. We work upon ourown selves with the hand of nature when we make war! We reduce our populations to make room for those who survive. Most of us think that when we reach a crisis, unlike the bacteria we will â€Å"figure it out. † Perhaps we can, but we should start preparing as soon as we can. But one imagines that this takes a foresight few of us have right now, for we mostly only consider our immediate needs. Imagine this: a world-shattering asteroid is passing within 600,000 miles of the Earth right now. You may think that this is not very close, but it is, in fact, very close indeed. A definition and critical analysis of benchmarking EssaySo here in Brooklyn there is much discussion in the Williamsburg Papers about language and meaning and how it relates to art. We know that we are always creating duality’s and oppositions with our thinking and language. As some of our writers have pointed out everything we think is in terms of duality: good/evil, love/hate, live/die, up/down, being/nothingness, light/dark. Everything we think or speak seems based upon duality and our reasoning is based upon a formula describing that duality: Aristotle’s principle of noncontradiction. The dialectic of reason is that ideas should oppose each other until the weak one dies away and the true idea prevails. But the â€Å"one or the other, but not both† ideas of our duality sometimes delude us. The dualism in the thinking of Xeno would make us believe that we cannot move from where we are standing to a point across the room, but we know that we can. And now that we have made a distinction between natural and man-made we are deceived into thinking that these things are fundamentally different when they are not. Plastic and steel are quite natural! Nature has made them just as nature through bees makes honey, or nature through birds builds nests from twigs and do we not consider honey and bird’s nests natural? Western man, one imagines, thinks of everything not human as dead material to be molded to his desire for his use. The American Indian and other cultures think of everything as conscious living things, even the rocks of the earth, and that if we do not respect their â€Å"spirits† they will turn on us in fury. These â€Å"primitives† say we should respect nature and take only what we need to live and return something for it’s use to honor the spirit of life itself. I very much like this philosophy, for at one time in this world we are â€Å"user† and next time we may be the â€Å"used. † May the user treat us with as good grace as we treat the used! We as a community should also give to our fellow beings as well as take. And we should not hurt others in doing it. Let us treat nature in the same way so that nature will always be able to share its bounty with us. Let us bless and revere our dear â€Å"Mother Earth! † The Mother Earth exhibit this year will display in the main gallery art made of products we consider â€Å"natural† such as wood, weaving from natural products such as s flax or wool, mineral, water, etc. But in the small gallery we will display what people consider â€Å"opposed to nature† or art from man-made material, such as nylon, rubber, plastic. The reason we are doing this is to clarify the misconception created by our placing ideas in opposition to each other through our dualistic or dialectic delusions. All things are extensions of nature, there is nothing that is â€Å"unnatural† in the strictest sense of things. Come wonder at the marvel of the fact that everything is one, Mother Earth encompasses all things, cradles all against her loving breast. Look at yourself and others, at the buildings, the bridges, the steel and concrete and the flowers: all from one thing, the energy or will that creates our material and spiritual world! Let us this Spring celebrate life look around and greet yourself!